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Birth data

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Birth data is a term used to refer collectively to the date, time, and location of birth of a person or other living entity.

Complete birth data

A complete set of birth data includes all of the details necessary to cast an accurate chart - the date, time and location of birth.

The date should include the month, day and year, the time should be accurate to the minute, and the location needs to be specific enough to indicate at least the approximate longitude and latitude of birth. The name of the city or town of birth, along with the country or state, will generally suffice.

Example of a complete set of birth data:

  • July 3, 1981 at 12:50 PM in Pittsburgh, PA.


It is also helpful to include the time zone, whether Daylight Savings was in effect or not, and the exact latitude and longitude of the birth location. With those details included, the above data becomes:

  • July 3, 1981 at 12:50 PM EDT (Eastern Daylight Time) in Pittsburgh, PA
    Longitude: 79:59W
    Latitude: 40:26N.

But as long as whoever wants to look at the chart can successfully look up those extra details themselves, or they have software that will do it for them automatically, it is unnecessary to mention them. The birth data is complete even without those helpful extra details. It just may make it faster and easier for someone to cast the chart if you provide the extra details.


It is also a good practice to state the source for the birth data - the birth certificate, a parent's memory, a biography of the person, etc. Although knowing the source of birth data details isn't absolutely essential to being able to cast a chart, it may help someone judge the birth data's probable accuracy. It generally is also helpful to mention who the birth data belongs to.

For example, the data in the above example is that of User:Slartibartfast, and the time and city of birth are from her parents' recollections. The rest of the details, though not the birth time or city of birth, are stated on her birth certificate.

Incomplete birth data

An incomplete set of birth data is missing one or more of the details of date, time and location, or else those details aren't specific or accurate enough. A chart based on incomplete data will be inaccurate in various respects.

Examples of incomplete sets of birth data:

  • January 1, 1980 in New York, NY.
    The time is missing.

  • February 4, 1922 at 1:42 AM.
    The location is missing, and because of that, we also can't know what the time zone is.

  • 4:21 PM in Russia.
    The date is missing, and the location isn't specific enough. It will be impossible to cast anything nearing an accurate chart based on such little data.

  • August 5, 1954, sometime in the morning.
    The location is missing, and the time isn't specific enough, and depends heavily on what precisely the person means by "morning". Do they mean anytime in the AM hours, or only times after the sun has risen and well before noon, or what? In any case, it's too vague.

It is very common to have only an incomplete set of birth data with which to make a chart, but fortunately incomplete sets of data are not completely useless.

With incomplete data, at the very least, the chart's house cusps will most likely be wrong, and the moon's degree placement, the moon's aspects and their level of exactness, and sometimes the moon's sign placement, will be uncertain. Planet sign placements or aspects may be uncertain if any planets just happen to be right on the verge of changing to another sign, or moving out of orb of an aspect, on the date you're using.

If the only missing data is the time and/or location of birth, the above will be the extent of what information is missing or uncertain in the chart.

In worse cases, with an uncertain date (only accurate to within a few days, weeks or months of the actual date of birth), sign placements, aspects and the exactness of those aspects of a great many more planets may also be uncertain - but at the very least, you'll be able to tell approximately where the slower-moving outer planets are located.

If the date is entirely unknown, without even a ballpark figure for the year, then you'll be quite unlikely to be able to get anywhere near the correct chart.

Even the most tiny, incomplete scrap of birth data can be worth hanging on to, however, just in case you should ever be able to collect the rest of the details later on. Just knowing a person's age will give you a clue to their year of birth - and knowing their sun sign as well will mean you'll be able to narrow down their date of birth to within a month.

Incomplete sets of birth data can be frustrating, but they also can afford highly entertaining opportunities to play astrological guessing games.

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